Increasing Cultural Participation Bibliography
RESEARCH
Building Arts Participation: The Montana Study
by Louise K. Stevens, ArtsMarket Inc.; commissioned by
The Montana Arts Council, © 2002
The findings from this study of a largely rural state
parallel those of other studies, particularly in looking at
the motivators for and barriers to participation. In Montana,
outdoor recreation is the number one leisure time activity,
followed by church attendance. Participation in arts and cultural
activities is a close third.
Classical
Music Consumer Segmentation Study
Commissioned by the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation
Alan S. Brown, Audience Insight LLC, © 2002
With more than 25,000 interviews with potential classical
music consumers and orchestra ticket buyers in 15 cities,
this study offers "a sweeping view of an art form in transition
and an orchestra field increasingly detached from its potential
customers." NOT FOR CLASSICAL MUSIC PRESENTERS ONLY.
Cultural
Collaborations: Building Partnerships for Arts Participation
by Francie Ostrower commissioned by The Wallace Foundation,
published by The Urban Institute, © 2003
"Partnership offers a powerful tool for strengthening
participation-but grantmakers and grantees need to better
recognize its possibilities and limitations."
Gifts of the Muse
by Kevin F. McCarthy, Elizabeth H. Ondaatje, Laura Zakaras,
Arthur Books, commissioned by The Wallace Foundation, published
by The RAND Corporation, © 2004
This RAND study seeks a broader understanding of the arts' full range of effects, including both instrumental and intrinsic benefits. It argues for a recognition of the contribution that both types make to the public welfare, but also of the central role intrinsic benefits play in generating all benefits. And it calls for efforts to sustain the supply of the arts with a focus on building demand, particularly by strengthening early exposure.
Immigrant
Participatory Arts: An Insight into Community-Building in
Silicon Valley
by Pia Moriarty Cultural Initiatives Silicon Valley, ©
2004
The result
of a six-month qualitative study, the report highlights ways
in which Silicon Valley (California) immmigrants are building
community through participatory arts practices.
A
New Angle: Arts Development in the Suburbs
by Carolyn Bye The McKnight Foundation, © 2002
Reveals the
surprising extent of artistic expression that has emerged
in recent years in the suburbs of St. Paul/Minneapolis. Thought-provoking
reading for suburban presenters and developers, and for city-based
cultural organizations whose audiences live in the suburbs.
Performing
Arts Research Coalition (PARC)
Research by The Urban Institute, ongoing publications
Research on the value of the performing arts as experienced
by both attenders and non-attenders of arts events, along
with audience and subscriber satisfaction. Funded by a major
grant from The Pew Charitable Trusts, the research is focused
on 10 cities across the country, including Boston.
Reggae
to Rachmaninoff: How and Why People Participate in Arts and
Culture
by Chris Walker, Stephanie Scott-Melnyk, Kay Sherwood
commissioned by The Wallace Foundation, published by The Urban
Institute, © 2002
Through a detailed analysis in three
communities, the report presents information "on how and why
people participate in arts and culture that has important
implications for how arts and culture providers and supporters,
and people engaged in community building, attempt to reach
and involve their publics."
The Values Study
Commissioned by The Connecticut Commission on Culture and Tourism, written by Alan S. Brown & Associates LLC, © 2004
The results of an industry-wide investigation by teams of arts administrators and board members from 20 arts organizations, the study includes a conceptual framework for thinking about how individuals participate in the arts and the benefits, or values, they receive from their participation. In addition to this framework, the study includes summaries of 40 of the 100 interviews conducted as a part of this research.
RESOURCES
The
Wallace Foundation Knowledge Center
On their web site's "Knowledge Center," The Wallace Foundation includes
downloadable versions of research and other publications they have
sponsored, along with success stories from cultural organizations
across the country. For example:
A
New Framework for Building Participation in the Arts
by Kevin F. McCarthy and Kimberly Hinnett commissioned
by The Wallace Foundation, published by RAND, © 2001
The primary
source for the RAND decision-making model and participation
grid.
Design
for Accessibility: A Cultural Administrator's Handbook
developed by the National Assembly of State Arts Agencies,
the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, the National Endowment
for the Arts, and the National Endowment for the Humanities;
funded by MetLife, © 2003
According to this practical, nuts-and-bolts guide,
"inclusion must be ever present in our vision." The book offers
down-to-earth expertise on making facilities and programs
accessible to disabled individuals (including senior citizens),
and many of the suggestions-i.e., adequate signage, adequate
lighting, adequate information at the box office-make sense
in making your programs and facilities accessible to everyone.
Increasing
Cultural Participation: An Audience Development Handbook
by Paul Connolly and Marcelle Hinand Cady commissioned
by The Wallace Foundation, distributed by APAP, © 2001
This set
of tools, stories, and worksheets introduces an approach to
planning, developing, implementing, and evaluating participation
initiatives. Note that this resource was published just prior
to the release of the "RAND Framework," so it does not exactly
correlate with the very latest thinking, but it still contains
useful tools.
From
Mission to Motivation: A Focused Approach to Increased Arts Participation
by Sharon Rodning Bash, Metropolitan Regional Arts Council,
© 2003
This workbook was adapted from a training
developed specifically to introduce the RAND participation
framework to small and grass-roots organizations. It's step-by-step
hands-on approach makes it a useful tool in facilitating a
collaborative planning process (among board and staff; among
multiple organizations; …).
SADI
(Statewide Audience Development Initiative)
by Minnesota State Arts
Board, © 2002
As a part of their Wallace-funded
START Initiative, the MSAB has developed two excellent resources:
The SADI Learning Materials is an excellent recap of the RAND
framework and the process of implementing it. The SADI Training
Workbook (95 pages) is an excellent supplement for those who
like worksheets and workbooks.
The
Road to Action: A Facilitator's Guide for Group Planning
by Peg Sallade and Jim Ryan, Northeast Center for Healthy
Communities, © 2004
This
useful guide offers activities, agendas, and other practical
aids in planning and facilitating an action-planning process.
Appendices include worksheets, practical tips for meeting
facilitators, planning meeting checklists, and other resources.
If you are a workbook-type thinker, this is a great resource.
NLG
Project Planning: A Tutorial
This tutorial is designed for museums, libraries, and related
organizations that are applying for National Leadership Grants
(NLG), but even if you have no intention of applying for a
grant from IMLS, this is an excellent primer (or refresher)
on everything from audience needs surveys through evaluation.
NEA
Intro to Logic Models
An on-line tutorial on the logic model.
W.K.
Kellogg Foundation Evaluation Handbook
© 1998 W.K. Kellogg Foundation
Logic
Model Development Guide
© 2001
Available online through the W.K
Kellogg Foundation, these handbooks provide an excellent
framework for thinking about evaluation as a relevant and
useful program tool.
Creative
Research Systems
A commercial firm that develops software for market researchers,
pollsters, human resource professionals, and others who use
questionnaires. On the site's "Research Aids" section, look
for "Survey Design," an excellent introduction that includes
the advantages and disadvantages of various types of surveying
and interviewing techniques. The site also includes a dandy
"Sample Size Calculator" that will tell you how many respondents
you need for statistical reliability, given the degree of
certainty, margin of error, and total population. NOTE:
MCC is recommending the free resources on this web site. This
should not be considered an endorsement of Creative Research
Systems, its products, or services.
Surveying
Clients About Outcomes
by Martin D. Abravanel;
published by The Urban Institute, © 2003
Available as PDF on Urban Institute's website (www.Urban.org,
then search site by author or title.) More thorough and detailed
than the above, this 58-page guide provides information about
developing and using surveys. Written for social service providers
(note "client" rather than "audience"), the material is easily
translatable for use in initiatives designed to increase cultural
participation.
Audience
and Subscriber Survey Training Manuals and Procedures for
Local Member Organizations
prepared for the Performing Arts Research Coalition (PARC)
by The Urban Institute, 2002
Very detailed, nuts-and-bolts manuals for planning, distributing,
and collecting audience surveys and subscriber surveys, these
were written for use by performing arts organizations in ten
cities involved in PARC (a multi-year research partnership
of five national service organizations and funded by the Pew
Charitable Trusts). While written specifically for the administration
of the PARC surveys, the tips and techniques are applicable
to other audience and subscriber (or member) surveys. Appendices
for each manual include the actual surveys used.
